Pronunciation exercises: ĝ vs ĵ

Ĝ sounds /d͡ʒ/ and Ĵ sounds /ʒ/.

/d͡ʒ/ is an affricate consonant; it can't last long. /ʒ/ is a fricative consonant; this means it is possible to make it sound for a long time: /ʒʒʒ/. However, in normal speech /ʒ/ has a length similar to other consonants.

In Ido /d͡ʒ/ and /ʒ/ are merged into one sound /ʒ/ (spelled "j" and /j/ is spelled "y"). This means that possibly there aren't many minimal pairs Ĝ-Ĵ in Esperanto

When an English word with /d͡ʒ/ has a cognate in Esperanto sometimes it may have Ĝ (similar pronunciation) and sometimes it may have Ĵ (Esperanto pronunciation is fricative).

/d͡ʒ/ in English and Ĵ in Esperanto
ĵaluza (jealous)

/d͡ʒ/ in English and Ĝ in Esperanto
See Pronunciation exercises: g vs ĝ § Ĝ in Esperanto.